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The Hedgerows & Margins: Documenting the Wild Fringes

The hedgerows and margins are where two worlds meet. Woodlands, hedgerows, footpaths and farm tracks form the shifting boundary between cultivated land and wild nature. These liminal places are alive with birds, insects, mammals and plants, reminding us that some of the richest stories are found not at the centre of the field, but around its edges. 

Close up of yellow brain fungus (Tremella mesenterica) showing bright golden-yellow jelly-like folds growing among damp, decaying wood and fallen leaves at A Knebworth Field, Hertfordshire.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Bright yellow brain fungus emerges from decaying wood on the hedgerow floor. Its distinctive jelly like folds are full of moisture and create a vivid splash of colour. This unusual fungus is part of the complex process of woodland decay, parasitising other fungi that grow within the dead wood. 

Ripe blue-lack sloes on a blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) branch in a Knebworth hedgerow, showing their powdery blue bloom, a shriveled fruit and sunlit autumn leaves.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Last photographed in July when they were still a dusty green, the sloes on the blackthorn are now full, deep blue and very ripe. These sloes provide a valuable seasonal food source for birds and other wildlife along the hedgeorw.

English holly (Ilex aquifolium) growing along the western hedgerow of A Knebworth Field, Hertfordshire, with clusters of bright red autumn berries among glossy, spiny evergreen leaves.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Clusters of bright red holly berries stand out against their gloossy, dark green leaves. Holly berries appear to be abundant this year along all of the field's margins, providing an excellent autumn and winter larder for birds, particularly thrushes and blackbirds. 

A fallen eucalyptus branch with dried brown leaves and clusters of woody seed capsules resting among green ivy on the western boundary of A Knebworth Field, Hertfordshire.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

A small fallen eucalyptus branch lies on the boundary floor, its dried leaves and woody seed capsules scattered amongst the ivy. Once the flowers have faded, these little capsules remain, holding the seeds and marking another stage in the tree's seasonal cycle. 

Eucalyptus flowering along the western boundary of A Knebworth Field, Hertfordshire, showing small clusters of green flower buds, delicate cream-white blossoms and slender leaves in golden autumn sunlight.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

The eucalyptus along the western boundary is in flower, with small clusters of small, creamy white blossoms emerging among its leaves. This tree has long since fascinated me, shedding its bark in long, wide strips which lie curled along the boundary floor.

Close up of developing common ivy (Hedera helix) flower buds arranged in a rounded umbel, showing green buds with brown tips along a hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Last photographed in August, the ivy umbels are just beginning to produce their tiny flowers which will provide a welcome late season feast for pollinating insects. 

Close up of small blue wildflowers with pink centres, surrounded by hairy green leaves and stems along teh boundary of A Knebworth Field, Hertfordshire.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Delicate blue flowers emerge among the soft hairy leaves of this small wildflower. Potentially green alkanet, it offers a late source of nectar for bees and other pollinating insects.

Fresh green leaves of common stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) growing along a hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, their sharply serrated edges and textured surfaces illuminated by sunlight.

25 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Nettles are thriving along the western boundary hedgerows. Throughout late summer, this patch was wilted and dry, however with frequent rainfall and mild conditions, they now create a welcome corridor of green along the path.

Cluster of brown, scaly-capped fungi, possibly Shaggy Scalycap or Honey Fungus, growing among moss and fallen autumn leaves at the base of a tree in New Wood, Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

11 October 2026

New Wood, southern boundary

This cluster of brown, scaly-capped fungi was nestled among moss and fallen leaves at the base of a tree in New Wood. Although my identification is uncertain, research suggests they may be Shaggy Scalycaps, or possibly a species of Honey Fungus. Both can grow in clusters around the bases of trees, feeding on wood and, in some circumstances, affecting living trees. 

Close up image of hornbeam nutlets in their papery bracts, hanging abundant from a hornbeam tree in New Wood, Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

4 October 2026

New Wood, southern boundary

Hornbeam nutlets hang abundant among their papery leaf bracts. The foliage is predominantly the dark green of summer but the abundance of ripening fruit highlights the presence of autumn.

Grey mist suspended among the autumn tree canopy of New Wood, Knebworth, Hertfordshire

4 October 2026

New Wood, southern boundary

The heavy mist blanketing the arable field and hedgerows this morning, couldn't quite penetrate the dense understory of New Wood. However, high in the canopy, wisps of grey hang suspended amongst the autumn leaves.


Close-up photograph of three small, pale green developing catkins, possibly hazel, hanging from a slender branch against a dark, softly blurred hedgerow background in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

4 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

A small cluster of developing hazel catkins hangs from a branch, their pale green surfaces still tightly closed. These early flower structures form well before spring, remaining on the branches through autumn and winter before lengthening and releasing their pollen. A reminder that preparations for the next growing season begin long before winter has arrived.

A close up image of a spiderweb hanging in a hedgerow. Its gossamer threads are heavy with moisture from the morning mist. Knebworth, Hertfordshire

4 October 2026

Hedgerow, northern boundary

A spiderweb hangs in the manicured hedgerow of the northern boundary, its gossamer threads heavy with moisture from the morning mist.

A Large-leaved lime tree appears in silhouette within an arable field as the early morning sun tries to cut through the dense mist. Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

4 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

A Large-leaved lime stands in silhouette against the rising autumn sun. The morning mist obscures all else from view. Walking the field this morning, gave me a heightened sense of imtimacy with the landscape. Much of the field was hidden from view and what I could see was revealed to me slowly and in isolation, without any background views to distract. 

A large veteran oak tree appears out of the atmospheric mist that shrouds the hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire

4 October 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

A large veteran oak appears out of the mist that shrouds the western hedgerow this morning.

A large flowered evening primrose plant blooming with a bright yellow blossom along a Knebworth field margin at sunrise.

27 September 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Had I not been out walking so early this morning, I may well have passed this by. This large-flowered evening primrose keeps its beautiful yellow flowers closed throughout the day, unfurling them only at dusk when its sweet perfume attracts heavy night flying pollinators like the hawkmoth. As autumn sets in, the faded flowers give way to seed pods which are packed with high protein seeds that sustain goldfinches well into winter. 

Close up image of a large Sugar Pine cone resting on a bed of autumn ivy and twigs along a hedgerow margin in Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

27 September 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Resting amongst the autumn ivy, this large Sugar Pine cone is a legacy of historic residential planting along the western boundary. Before it fell it would have provided high fat, nutritious seeds for local birds preparing for winter. Now on the ground, its intricate structure will serve as a long term micro habitat, offering vital shelter for overwintering spiders and beetles. Over the next few years, the pine cone will begin to break down, adding woody fibre and nutrients into the soil system. 

A grey squirrel foraging on a mossy bank beneath mature trees in New Wood, Knebworth.

23 September 2026

New Wood, southern boundary.

Caught in a moment of distraction, a grey squirrel searches the moss covered floor of New Wood during its busy autumn foraging routine. Squirrels play a vital role in the woodland ecosystem, often burying acorns and seeds that will grow into the next generation of trees.

A wild holly tree covered in bright red berries along an ancient woodland margin in Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

23 September 2026

Green Lane, eastern boundary

Ripe holly berries are abundant this year providing vibrant colour and a rich food source for birds. When looking closely at the glossy green foliage, many of the leaves higher up on the branches are smooth and lack the classic sharp prickles that are found lower down. This is a natural defense mechanism - once the tree grows out of reach of browsing mammals, it saves its energy by producing smooth, flat leaves to maximise the amount of sunlight it can capture. 

Ancient hornbeam and sweet chestnut trees growing along a historic field boundary hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire

23 September 2026

Green Lane, eastern boundary

Historical companions, a hornbeam and a sweet chestnut tree stand side by side along the eastern hedgerow which runs between the arable field and Green Lane / Dowagers Lane. Traditionally both trees were favoured by old estates, hornbeam for its incredibly hard firewood and sweet chestnut because it coppices beautifully to make durable, rot resistant fencing posts. 

Close up photograph of a cluster of small white privet flowers blooming on a leafy green hedge with soft, diffused sunlight.

13 September 2026

Hedgerow, northern boundary

Usually flowering between June and July, this single, delicate spray of white flowers on a Wild Privet hedge shows the resilience of our local flora. Following a very hot and dry summer, drought stress, and possibly seasonal pruning, has kept the rest of this hedge barren. With the onset of autumn rains, this single stem has taken its opportunity to bloom.

Close up of native hawthorn berries, or haws, hanging in clusters from a leafy branch along a Knebworth field hedgerow in autumn.

23 September 26

Green Lane, eastern boundary

Last photographed in August when they were green and unripe, the haws on the hawthorn are now glossy, ripe and deep red, providing a vital high energy food source for overwintering birds along the field margins

Close up photograph of a bright red Wild Cherry leaf lying on top of dry brown autumn leaves on the ground.

13 September 2026

Hedgerow, wetsern boundary

A vibrant, deep red, Wild Cherry leaf stands out against the golden browns of the leaf litter along the western hedgerow.   A common native tree, Wild Cherry's are well known for their autumnal colour which ranges from vibrant crimson reds to deep, rich purples. 

Discover the resilient beauty of this Scentless Mayweed along Knebworth's field margins. Capturing how this native flora adapts to summer heat and rain.

13 September 2026

Hedgwerow, western boundary.

A highly resilient native annual, the daisy like flowers of Scentless Mayweed often shrivel, drop and pause their growth during hot, dry summer spells. Yet, with the arrival of some much needed rain, this very adaptive plant quickly regenerates with fresh new flower growth. Scentless Mayweed can be found growing throughout the tracks and margins of the arable field. 

Explore the silent design of a native Tawny Owl primary flight feather found on a Knebworth field boundary. Capturing local UK woodland wildlife.

13 September 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

This Tawny Owl feather, resting within the leaf litter along the western hedgerow boundary is a classic example of the often unseen, yet rich and diverse wildlife habitat in and around A Knebworth Field.

The Tawny Owl is one of the UK's most iconic nocturnal hunters. The deep brown and buff pattern on this primary flight feather provides excellent camouflage for the owl as it perches amongst hedgerow margins to scan for small mammals. The soft, fringed edges of the feather are perfectly adapted to mute the sound of the bird's airflow during stealthy nocturnal hunts.

A close up image of golden, brown leaf litter along a hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire. The curled edges of the leaves are holding rainwater.

13 September 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary

Autumn leaf litter is vitally important for the ecosystem of the arable field and the hedgerows. Over time, the leaves will break down into leaf mould which will provide much needed nutrients and fibre to the soil. Fallen leaves can also act as mini reservoirs, holding onto recent rainfall which can be enjoyed by birds and small mammals.

Discover the ancient English oaks and woodland boundaries of an Old Knebworth field margin. Explore the unique wildlife habits on aknebworthfield.co.uk.

6 September 2026

Hedgerow, eastern boundary

A mature English Oak stands at the threshold between the north-eastern corner of the arable field and the entry into Green Lane/Dowagers Lane. Its expansive canopy fields the boundary line, while its deep, shadowed base marks the transition from the working arable land into the dense, layered interior of the ancient woodland carting track. 

Explore the natural lifecycles and changing woodland floors of New Wood. Discover the unique boundary habits of Old Knebworth on aknebworthfield.co.uk.

6 September 2026

New Wood entry point at southern end of eastern boundary. 

As with many of my photographs of New Wood, this photo highlights the constant cycles of growth and decay within the woodland. An uprooted tree stump with its exposed root system sits amidst the autumn leaf litter under a still very much alive, green canopy. 

Explore the rich deadwood habitats and forest layers of New Wood. Discover the hidden biodiversity of Old Knebworth on aknebworthfield.co.uk.

6 September 2026

New Wood, southern boundary

The rich, layered habitat of New Wood - again showcasing the constant balance between growth and decay. A gradually rotting fallen trunk dominates the foreground floor, providing an essential ecological base for mosses and insects. Surrounded it is an understory of young sweet chestnut and mature oak trees catching the early autumn sun.

Explore the changing seasons of the field boundaries on aknebworthfield.co.uk, featuring the wild rose hips and dense biodiversity of the ancient margins.

6 September 2026

Hedgerow, eastern boundary.

A cluster of wild dog-rose hips ripening along the ancient eastern hedgerow boundary line. The scrambling, thorny framework of the rose provides both food and sanctuary for local wildlife. The leaves are just beginning to turn with the arrival of autumn.

Discover the ancient boundary trees of Green Lane and Dowagers Lane. Explore the historic field margins of Old Knebworth on aknebworthfield.co.uk.

6 September 2026

Green Lane, eastern boundary

An ancient boundary tree standing along the historic path of Green Lane/Dowagers Lane. Positioned within the mature hedgerow line separating the trackway from the modern day arable field and historic grazing lawns, its heavily gnarled, massive trunk tells the story of centuries of traditional land management and worked boundaries.

Explore the historic boundaries of an Old Knebworth field. This south-facing view documents the vital unploughed grass margin on aknebworthfield.co.uk.

6 September 2026

Hedgerow, eastern boundary

Looking south along the eastern boundary, where the ancient hedgerow meets the field margin. This perspective shows the vital unploughed grass buffer strip and worn footpath that separates the dense, historic woodland hedge from the active arable field, providing a continuous corridor for local wildlife and walkers.

Explore the micro-biodiversity of an Old Knebworth field margin. Discover the natural, glowing tree resins of the woodland canopy on aknebworthfield.co.uk.

6 September 2026

Green Lane, eastern boundary

Golden, translucent tree resin oozing from the bark of a wild cherry tree along the Green Lane track. Known naturally as gummosis, this glowing amber substance serves as the tree's defensive shield, sealing wounds and protecting the ancient boundary timber from pests and weather.

Discover the human connection and social stories of New Wood. Explore the woodland dens and boundary spaces of Old Knebworth on aknebworthfield.co.uk.

6 September 2026

New Wood, southern boundary

A partially constructed stick den nestled within the interior of New Wood. Probably built using fallen branches, this structure tells the story of modern day human enjoyment and quiet connection to the land. It shows how these historic Old Knebworth woodland margins continue to provide spaces for exploration, play, and community interaction.

Glossy black wild blackberries fully ripe on a thorny bramble bush along the western hedgerow boundary of an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

22 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary 

Blackberries continue to ripen, however the early ripening fruits are already starting to dry and shrivel in the summer warmth. Whilst still providing a tasty treat for birds and walkers, the fruits may well have dried long before migrating birds return to the UK for late autumn sustenance. 

 A mature, bumpy green knopper gall formed by a gall wasp on an English Oak branch along the western hedgerow of an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

22 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary 

The knopper gall has developed further on this oak tree. The misshapen acorn that we saw back in July is now completely unrecognisable. The gall has become thick, green, lumpy and sticky. Inside, the larvae of the gall wasp are protected. The knopper gall will fall from the oak in the autumn but will continue to protect and feed the larvae until they eat their way out of it in the spring.

Clusters of green Common Ivy flower buds developing on a vine within the western hedgerow boundary of an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

22 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary 

Mature English Ivy umbels almost ready to bloom. Within a couple of weeks, these buds will bloom into small greenish-yellow, star shaped flowers. Packed with nectar, they will produce a sweet and musky scent.

A small orange ladybird resting on a textured green leaf within the western hedgerow boundary of an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

22 August 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary 

A ladybird rests on a leaf within the hedgerow. Ladybirds have been particularly abundant this year across the arable field. This ladybird will have hatched over summer and will now be building its internal fat reserves ready for winter hibernation or diapause. 

Vibrant red bramble leaves contrasting against green Field Maple foliage in an arable field hedgerow in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

22 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary 

A bramble leaf turning vivid red. Whist brambles are mostly evergreen, individual older leaves often turn red in the autumn as the plant reabsorbs its nutrients.

Fuzzy brown nutlets and changing yellow leaves of a Large-leaved Lime tree along the western hedgerow of an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

22 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary 

The fruits/nutlets on the Large-leaved lime tree are continuing to develop. Their green furry shells have now turned brown, and what was a vivid green leaf canopy just a couple of weeks ago, is now showing the first signs of the approaching autumn.

 An intricate spiderweb backlit by late-summer sunlight woven among the green leaves of a Large-leaved Lime tree along the western hedgerow of an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

22 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary 

A spiders web catches the light high in the canopy of Large-leaved lime.

Unripe green hawthorn berries (haws) maturing on a native Common Hawthorn branch along Dowager’s Lane in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

2 August 2026 

Green Lane, eastern boundary. 

Maturing haws on a hawthorn branch, mostly green with just a hint of yellowing. Over the next few months, these haws will turn a bright scarlet.  Hawthorn berries are an important native food source for many woodland bird species, such as blackbirds, thrushes, redwings, fieldfares, robins and bullfinches. Small mammals also eat any fallen fruit and the dense, thorny structure of its hedgerow provides excellent nesting cover.

 A Rosebay Willowherb flower spike splitting open to release fluffy white seeds in a grassy arable field margin in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

2 August 2026 

New Wood grassy margin, southern boundary. 

Rosebay willowherb nearing the end of its flowering season. Maturing seed pods can be seen along its stem, beginning to spill white cotton-like fibres that will carry its seeds on the wind.  One single plant can produce tens of thousands of seeds. Rosebay willowherb is a British pioneer species, often being the first to colonise disturbed ground and recently cut areas of vegetation.  Its common name, Fireweed comes from its ability to rapidly colonise burnt ground. Rosebay willowherb is an excellent source of nectar for many pollinators. The fluffy seed heads are also used as nesting material by some birds if any remains in spring.

Dowager’s Lane, an ancient woodland track used for hauling timber, running under a dense green tree canopy between Park Wood and an arable field boundary in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

2 August 2026 

Green Lane, eastern boundary. 

The great veteran trees lining the edge of Park Wood are reminders that this woodland was once worked as well as walked.  Many bear the unmistakeable forms of old pollards, their trunks swollen by centuries of repeated cutting for timber and firewood.

A scenic view into the dense hornbeam understory of Park Wood from the dirt path of Dowager’s Lane in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

2 August 2026 

Green Lane, eastern boundary. 

From Green Lane, Park Wood appears wild and untouched, however a closer look reveals coppiced stools and multi-stemmed trees, reminders that this woodland once worked as hard as the arable field that sits nearby.

Bright red Lords-and-Ladies berries blooming on a naked stalk, an ancient woodland indicator along Dowager’s Lane in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

2 August 2026

Green Lane, eastern boundary. 

The unmistakeable tight spike and scarlet berries of Lords and Ladies, a plant that thrives in ancient woodland and shady hedgerows.  This plant has accumulated a huge number of folk names over the centuries. Some common names include; cuckoo pint, jack-in-the-pulpit, wake robin, devils and angels and adders meat. Historically the roots of Lords and Ladies was processed into Portland sago, a very fine starch used for stiffening collars and ruffs in Tudor and Elizabethan England.

Dry, flat seed heads of a native Hogweed plant wrapped in spider webs along Dowager’s Lane in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

2 August 2026 

Green Lane, eastern boundary. 

By early August, the native Hogweed umbels that were alive with hoverflies a few weeks earlier have become intricate seed heads. Their role has changed - from feeding pollinators to feeding birds and ensuring that the next generation of plants take seed.

A massive dense witches' broom growth forming a woody twig nest high on a mature tree trunk along Dowager's Lane in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

2 August 2026 

Green Lane, eastern boundary. 

What looks like a collection of birds nests high in the beech canopy is actually something far more interesting. This tangled mass of living shoots, dead twigs and years of accumulated debris is the tree's response to an old wound. Likely a naturally occurring wound rather than one caused by historic woodland management, this mass of epicormic growth, sometimes referred to as a witches broom, has become an important ecosystem in its own right.

Yellow wild Hawkbit flowers blooming amidst golden straw stubble on the main track across an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Main north-south track across the arable field. 

Autumn hawkbit starts to become abundant due to the increased light that's reaching the ground following the recent harvest.  Smaller and less leafy than their dandelion cousins, they thrive on disturbed and compacted ground. Depending on activity in the arable field , these hawkbits may flower though to October, providing late pollen and nectar for hoverflies, bees and butterflies.

Clusters of glossy red Bittersweet Woody Nightshade berries ripening in an arable field hedgerow in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

The ripening berries of bittersweet, ready to be eaten by birds who will disperse the seeds.

A white Green-veined White butterfly resting on a textured green leaf in an arable field hedgerow in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

A white butterfly resting on a bramble leaf, wings folded for camouflage. Bramble, although often seen as an untidy tangle, provides nectar, fruit, shelter and nesting places throughout the year, underpinning much of the wildlife found along the field margins.

A purple Creeping Thistle flower head blooming alongside unripe green buds in a grassy arable field margin in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

A purple flowering creeping thistle makes the most of the disturbed soil on the margin between hedgerow and field.  Due to its ability to spread quickly through creeping underground roots, its not a welcome addition  to an arable field, however its one of the most valuable wildflowers in Britain for insects.  Only the female plants produce seeds which are carried away from the plant on tufts of silky hairs that act like a parachute.

Dehiscent black seed pods of a Common Broom shrub split open along a grassy arable field margin in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Waiting to pop, a Common Broom seed pod dries in the sun. Eventually it will split with a loud snap, firing its seeds several metres away. Native to Britain, common broom has been part of the landscape for thousands of years. It gave its name to the Plantagenet royal dynasty. Geoffrey of Anjou was said to wear a sprig of broom (planta genista) in his helmet. Thriving on poor soils and disturbed ground, where many other shrubs struggle, broom has long symbolised renewal, humility and resilience. Traditionally bunches of broom were used as simple household brooms, hence its common name.

Glossy red Common Honeysuckle berries ripening on a climbing vine in an arable field hedgerow in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Small clusters of bright red Common Honeysuckle berries hidden amongst the foliage. Where the flowers would have provided food food for moths on warm summer evenings, the fruits will now feed birds, dispersing the seeds and carrying the hedgerow's story into a new generation. Because it twines so tightly around trees and hedgerow shrubs, honeysuckle became known within British folklore to symbolise devotion, enduring affection and all forms of faithful attachment.

Ripening russet pears with bird or insect feeding damage hanging on an old tree in an arable field hedgerow in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

These two pears, previously photographed last month, have already begun to provide food for local birds and insects.  When the fruit drops from the tree, it will provide food for further wildlife such as small mammals.

A developing green acorn maturing in its textured cup on an English Oak branch along the margin of New Wood in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

New Wood margin, southern boundary. 

A young acorn is developing on an English Oak tree. During the autumn months, the acorn will fall to the ground either to seed the next generation of oak or to become much needed food for local wildlife. In the past, acorns were one of the primary autumn food sources for pigs and the commoners would pay the estate for pannage rights to allow their pigs to forage within the woodland.

Developing green fruit nutlets and leafy bracts hanging from a mature Lime tree branch in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary 

Developing fruits hang from a Large-leaved lime tree. These small, green, furry fruits will eventually harden and turn brown, before being dropped from the tree in clusters which are carried on its wing like bracts.

Vibrant purple Bittersweet Woody Nightshade flowers blooming in an arable field hedgerow in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Beautiful purple bittersweet flowers hanging from within the hedgerow.  Also known as woody nightshade, all parts of bittersweet are highly poisonous to humans, especially the bright red berries that can be seen already formed in the picture below.  Although poisonous to us, several insects feed on its flowers and many birds, particularly blackbirds and thrushes can safely eat the ripe berries. The common name of bittersweet comes from its stem. If the stem is cut and tasted (definitely not recommended) it was traditionally said to have tasted bitter at first, followed by a sweet aftertaste.

A honeybee pollinating pale greenish-white White Bryony flowers on a scrambling vine in an arable field hedgerow in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Threading its way through the nettles, white bryony uses its delicate coiled tendrils to climb towards the light. Its  flowers attract bees in late summer, whilst on female plants, the berries that follow will provide food for birds. Used in some traditional medicines throughout the ages, white bryony is now recognised as a plant that's highly toxic to humans, so whilst its bright red autumn berries may appear attractive, they're best left well alone.

Young elm tree suckers and hazel regrowth spreading into a dry, grassy arable field margin in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026

Wide grassy margin, southern boundary.

Woody shoots expanding outward into the dry buffer strip of the arable field. Rather than growing from dropped seeds, these plants are spreading via underground root suckers extending directly from the mature trees along the edge of New Wood. Likely either young elm suckers or hazel regrowth, this aggressive colonising behavior shows how historic woodland boundaries naturally attempt to reclaim open ground. It highlights the dynamic, shifting nature of the boundary between the forest and agricultural fields when left unploughed.

Green creeping willow shoots growing in a dry, sun-baked grassy margin between New Wood and an arable field in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in August.

1 August 2026

Wide, grassy margin, southern boundary.

Young sallow shoots (wild willow) expanding into the wide grassy buffer strip between the arable field and New Wood.

The appearance of these hardy shoots highlights a deep historical connection to the land: old maps and local records reveal that New Wood was historically once known at least in part as Sallow Wood. This image provides visual evidence that the native sallows are actively reclaiming their historic boundary territory, self-seeding out from the woodland edge into the open agricultural margin.

Delicate white Enchanter's-nightshade wildflowers blooming in the dappled shade of the understory in New Wood, Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

25 July 2026 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

Enchanters nightshade has reached its peak. Its developing hooked seed pods will soon cling to the fur of passing animals to be dispersed. The genus is named after the Greek sorceress Circe due its love of cool, shadowy places and its delicate, almost ethereal flowers. Recognised as an ancient woodland indicator species in many parts of the UK, including regions across the south and east. Its presence in the understory of New Wood is a great indicator of long-term ecological continuity, signaling that this ground has likely remained shaded, unploughed woodland for centuries

 Looking up into a dense summer canopy of green hazel leaves next to a textured old tree trunk in New Wood, Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

25 July 2026 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

Looking up through a canopy of a hazel tree. Its shade giving leaves are all still beautifully green but soon will be a distant memory.

Bright red berries beginning to ripen amongst glossy, spiky green leaves on a native European Holly bush in a Knebworth arable field hedgerow in July.

25 July 2026 

Woodland margin, southern boundary. 

The first red holly berries appear much earlier than usual. Typically, native holly berries remain green through the summer and do not ripen to red until late autumn. This unusual early colour may be an early ripening response triggered by summer heat stress, drought, or the influence of nearby garden varieties. You can see the current year's typical tiny green berries developing normally on the far right of the branch.

A large fallen oak tree trunk shattered at the base and leaning through the dense green canopy of New Wood in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during July.

25 July 2026 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

This in parts ancient woodland area always feel so magical to me. It's a place of contradictions. It's a place of light and dark, a place where both life and death are always present. 

A shattered fallen tree trunk forming a hollow mossy cavity filled with organic forest floor debris in New Wood, Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

25 July 2026 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

I last photographed this split fallen branch back in January. Since then, the split has become larger as its dried out over the summer months.  The wet autumn leaves that filled the cavity back in January have now broken down into soil, evidence of the many organisms at work in this mini ecosystem and a reminder that life is present even in decay.

A single bright yellow Meadow Buttercup wildflower blooming on a slender green stem in a grassy arable field margin in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

25 July 2026 

Grassy margin, southern boundary. 

Meadow Buttercups add a splash of late summer colour to the grassy margin between the arable field and New Wood.  Such small and simple flowers, yet always so cheerful.

A deeply rotting fallen tree trunk displaying soft, decaying heartwood on the forest floor of New Wood, Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

25 July 2026 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

Lying across the woodland floor, this tree probably fell quite some time ago.  Although no longer living in the literal sense, the tree probably now supports more life than it did when it was living. Its timber has softened into a maze of chambers and tunnels. Beetles, fungi, mosses and countless other unseen organisms now rely on the tree as a source of shelter and nutrients as it gradually decays into the woodland soils.

A developing green knopper gall expanding from a deformed acorn on an English Oak branch along an arable field hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

21 July 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary

A young, developing acorn appears misshapen on this oak tree. Possibly due to gall wasp larvae. If so, as time goes on the larvae will secrete growth hormones that will trick the oak tree into growing a green, sticky, protective case instead of an acorn. The case will protect and feed the larvae until it turns brown and drops from the tree in the autumn.

Pale brown butterfly, possibly a Meadow Brown or Gatekeeper, resting with closed wings among clover and dry grasses along an arable field margin in Old Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

21 July 2026

Footpath, western boundary.

This small brown butterfly was resting among the low-growing vegetation on the path between the western hedgerow and the arable field. Thought to be either a Meadow Brown or Gatekeeper, both species are commonly found in grassy field margins during the summer months, where wildflowers provide nectar and grasses support their caterpillars.

An old pear tree branch laden with ripening green and russet pears hanging over a field boundary fence in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Not every plant along the fields edge is truly wild.  The neighbouring gardens have left their mark, introducing species that have gradually become part of the hedgerow. Here, ripening pears hint at that shared history, where cultivated landscapes slowly merge with more natural ones until the boundary between them becomes difficult to define.

Unripe green sloes growing on a dense, spiny blackthorn branch within an arable field hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Growing aloing the sunny perimeter of the arable field, the ripening fruit of the native blackthorn bush are still a dusty green and light blue color. Traditionally known as sloes, their unripe colouring is quite a contrast to the deep, frosty-purple hue they will take on ahead of the autumn foraging season.

Clusters of young, green wild hazelnuts ripening on a native common hazel branch within an arable field hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026. 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Clusters of immature hazelnuts develop. By early autumn they will provide an important food source for birds and mammals, though many will disappear long before they ever reach the ground.

A discarded glass wine bottle littered among ivy and dry leaves beneath the western hedgerow of an arable field in Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

19 July 2026. 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

The western boundary shelters more than just wildlife. Hidden beneath the ivy, a discarded bottle becomes another layer in the story of this landscape, where evidence of people sits alongside birds, insects, plants and mammals.

 A dense, heavy summer hedgerow bordering a golden arable crop stubble field in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during July.

19 July 2026. 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

The western boundary is a meeting of two landscapes. To the left lies the harvested field; to the right a dense fringe of shrubs and trees. Between them sits a narrow strip of rough grass that acts as a corridor for wildlife and walkers, softening the boundary between the cultivated and uncultivated.

Dried, balloon-like seed pods of Love-in-a-Mist spreading into a sunny arable field margin beside green ferns in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026. 

Field margin, western boundary.  

The distinctive seed pods of love-in-a-mist remain long after the flowers have faded. Although an ornamental garden plant rather than a native wildflower, it has become established along the western boundary, illustrating again how neighbouring gardens have subtly shaped the character of this landscape.

Developing green and brown sycamore samaras (helicopter seeds) hanging from a branch in an arable field hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026.

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

The paired winged seeds of a sycamore begin to mature along the western hedgerow. By autumn they will detach and spin to the ground, carrying with them the possibility of a new generation forming beyond the shelter of the parent tree.

Vibrant pink Hedgerow Cranesbill wildflowers blooming in a lush, grassy arable field margin in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during July.

19 July 2026. 

Field margin, western boundary. 

Bright pink Hedgerow Cranesbill flowers emerge from the increasingly tangled vegetation of the western boundary. Although easily overlooked, these late-season flowers continue to support pollinating insects as the field begins its gradual transition towards autumn.

Wild blackberries ripening from green and red to glossy black on a thorny bramble bush in a Knebworth hedgerow bordering an arable field in July.

19 July 2026. 

Hedgerow, northern boundary. 

The first blackberries mark the gradual transition from summer to autumn. The fruit attracts birds, mammals and insects. The bramble itself is one of the hedgerows most valuable plants providing food, shelter and protection throughout the year. The blackberries are ripening early this year - I wouldn't expect to see them for another 6 weeks. 

A magnificent Red Kite perched high on a bare ash tree branch within the western boundary hedgerow of an arable field in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026. 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

A Red Kite sits high above the western hedgerow, surveying the field below.  Once almost lost from the English countryside, the species has become a familiar presence over Hertfordshire, gliding effortlessly between woodland and farmland.

Intricate spider cobwebs covered in fallen debris on a dense residential yew hedge bordering an arable field in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026. 

Hedgerow, northern boundary. 

Forming part of the northern boundary of the field, this clipped yew hedge separates neighbouring houses from the public footpath and arable landscape beyond. Despite its cultivated appearance, it provides year round shelter for birds, insects and spiders. Delicate sheet webs are visible between the branches, full of the remains of recent trappings.

A yellow and black striped hoverfly resting on a vibrant green leaf within the western hedgerow boundary of an arable field in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026. 

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

A hoverfly resting on a hedgerow leaf during a warm July morning. Often mistaken for wasps, hoverflies are harmless pollinators whose larvae help control aphids, making them an important part of the arable ecosystem.

Vibrant pink Great Willowherb wildflowers blooming on a sunny, grassy margin along the western boundary of an arable field in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in July.

19 July 2026.

Field margin, western boundary. 

Willowherb emerges among the grasses of the western field margin By midsummer the open flowers of spring are giving way to taller, denser vegetation as the field edge reaches its seasonal peak.  These often overlooked plants are among the first to colonise disturbed ground and provide nectar for insects before releasing thousands of wind-borne seeds later in the year.

Bright yellow Cherry Plums ripening on a slender tree branch in a native farmland hedgerow in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during July.

19 July 2026

Hedgerow, western boundary. 

Ripening cherry plums. Another example of cultivated landscapes merging with natural ones. Along the western boundary neighbouring gardens have gently shaped the character of the hedgerow. Trees like this blur the distinction between cultivated and wild, offering seasonal food for wildlife whilst hinting at the people who have lived alongside the field over hundreds of years. Every boundary tells two stories: one of the nature and one of those who have left their mark on it.

A narrow grassy track running between a manicured residential privet and yew hedge and an arable oilseed rape crop in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during May.

24 May 2026. 

Hedgerow, northern boundary. 

A narrow footpath follows the northern boundary of the field, bordered by oilseed rape on one side and a mature garden hedge on the other. Between them lies a grassy margin that softens the transition between agriculture, wildlife and neighbouring homes.

 Garlic Mustard wildflowers blooming with tiny white petals and textured green leaves on the sunlit boundary of New Wood and an arable field in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in April.

14 April 2026. 

Woodland margin, southern boundary. 

Dew drops drying on a Garlic Mustard, as the April sun encourages its buds to open. Garlic Mustard plays an important role in the landscape, providing nectar for early pollinators and serving as the primary food source of the Orange-tip butterfly.

Bright blue Common Field-speedwell flowers blooming among fresh green grass on an arable field margin in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during April.

13 April 2026. 

Grassy margin, northern boundary. 

Common Field-speedwell often goes unnoticed amongst the grasses of field margins. Flowering from late winter through much of the year, it provides a source of early nectar for pollinating insects.

Vibrant green feather moss spreading across a damp woodland floor beneath fallen brown leaves in New Wood, Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in January.

28 January 2026

New Wood, southern boundary. 

Beneath the fallen leaves, a carpet of moss spreads across the woodland floor. It holds moisture, shelters insects and helps return nutrients back to the soil.

A fallen moss-covered oak tree trunk split open, filled with decaying brown leaves on the forest floor of New Wood, Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in January.

28 January 2026. 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

What first appears to be the death of a tree is just the beginning of a new cycle. Moss softens the bark. Fungi break down the timber. Fallen leaves gather in the hollow and slowly become soil. Even after death, the tree continues to shape the woodland, providing shelter, food and habitat.

Young bluebell shoots emerging through damp winter leaf litter on the woodland floor in New Wood, Knebworth, Hertfordshire, during January.

28 January 2026. 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

Bluebells start to appear through the deciduous leaf litter on the woodland floor. A sign of the coming spring.

Hairy curtain crust bracket fungi (Stereum hirsutum) growing in tiers on a fallen rotting tree log in New Wood, Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in January.

28 January 2026. 

New Wood, southern boundary. 

What appears to be decay is actually renewal. Bracket fungi are returning the dead wood to the woodland, releasing nutrients that will feed the next generation. Even in death, the fallen branch remains full of life.

A close-up of a beech tree branch with sharp winter buds and hanging water droplets along the boundary of New Wood, Knebworth, Hertfordshire, in January.

28 January 2026. 

The southern boundary, woodland margin. 

This is a place of transitions. Arable becomes grassy. Grassy becomes hedgerow. Hedgerow becomes woodland. The frost is melting on this European beech. An opened and vacant cupule still clings on, a remnant of last years bounty. New leaves are forming within tightly closed buds. This is a story of 3 seasons. The attached cupule speaks to last autumn, the melting frost highlights the still very present winter, and the budding leaves look forward to the coming spring.

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